Which of the following is NOT a main mechanism of cold adaptation in humans?

• A. Enhanced non-shivering thermogenesis
• B. Increased sweating rate
• C. More efficient shivering
• D. Improved peripheral vasoconstriction

Answer: (B)

Cold adaptation centers on preserving core heat and boosting heat production. Increasing sweating would cause more heat loss through evaporation, which is opposite to what the body does to stay warm, so it isn’t a main cold-adaptive mechanism. In contrast, enhancing non-shivering thermogenesis adds heat without active movement, shivering becomes more effective at generating heat, and peripheral vasoconstriction reduces heat loss by limiting blood flow to the skin. These three adjustments are classic strategies for staying warm, while sweating more is a response geared toward cooling, not warming.